Loudness

This shows how tracks got louder as time went on and dropped again when streaming services started to penalise artists by creating a standard Lufs level.









Compression is when a signal is made more constant in dynamics. Input level above the threshold is compressed by a set about decided by the ratio/limit you set.










New York Compression is where you blend a heavily compressed version of a signal with the original signal to get a punchier sound. It works well on drums.

https://music.tutsplus.com/tutorials/quick-tip-punchier-drums-with-the-new-york-compression-trick--audio-12885


This is the difference between the loud and quiet parts of a track. 

https://www.musicradar.com/tuition/tech/future-musics-guide-to-mastering-understanding-dynamic-range-and-compression-574533 

Lufs are a unit of measurement used to measure the perceived loudness of a track. the closer to 0 the lufs the louder the track will seem.

https://www.sweetwater.com/insync/what-is-lufs-and-why-should-i-care/

Frequency masking is when a sounds frequency masks the frequencies of other sounds. The yellow sound would have frequencies around it that mask the green and orange sounds. The effect of the masking is less on the Blue and pink and gets less and less futher from the main frequency.

Harmonic partials are whole number multiples of the the fundamental frequency. These partials get quieter and quieter the further up the frequency spectrum. These a pitched sounds.

http://ccnmtl.columbia.edu/projects/sonicg/terms/harmonic.html












Inharmonic partials are multiples of a fundamental frequency that isn't a whole number. these sounds usually don't have pitches.

This graph shows us our ears sensitivity to sound at difference frequencies and is measured in phons. The dips show where the ears are most sensitive and the high parts show were the hearing drops off.




http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Sound/phon.html